Canadian Rockies
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2022-08-11 11:13:48
Canadian Rockies
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the Rocky Mountains
Rocky Mountains (24 photos)
The Rocky Mountains make up most of the Great Plateau System, the main topographic region in the western North American continent. As a whole, the Rocky Mountains contain various mountain ranges extending from northern Alberta and British Columbia to the south through New Mexico in the southwestern United States, with a total length of about 4,800 kilometers. In some places the mountain system is hundreds of miles wide. The boundaries are mostly indeterminate, especially in the far northwest, where Alaska's Brooks Mountains are often included in the Rocky Mountains，sports fitness .
the Rocky Mountains
Many mountains towering into the clouds, snow-capped, extremely spectacular. Most of the mountains have an average altitude of 2,000-3,000 meters, and some even exceed 4,000 meters, such as Mount Elbert as high as 4,399 meters, Garnett as high as 4,202 meters, and Blanca Peak as high as 4,365 meters. In the Canadian territory of this large mountain range, it consists of 4 national parks, Jasper, Banff, Kootnay and Yoho, as well as Mount Robson, Mount Assiniboine and Ham The three provincial parks in Bo, with a total area of about 23,122 km², form the "Canadian Rocky Mountain Park Group".
Geological structure
The Rocky Mountains are generally defined as from the Riad River in Canada to the Rio Grande in New Mexico, and the extension of the north and south ends can only be part of the American mountains, and no longer belong to the Rocky Mountains. The younger parts of the Rocky Mountains were uplifted during the Cretaceous era (about 140 million to 65 million years ago), and the southern part may have been uplifted in the Precambrian (about 3.98 billion to 600 million years ago). . The geological structure of the Rocky Mountains is mainly composed of igneous and metamorphic rocks, with young sedimentary rocks also on the southern edge. In some areas there are volcanic rocks that erupted during the Tertiary Period (about 65 million to 1.8 million years ago). From the Pleistocene to the Holocene (18 million years to 11,000 years ago), several ice ages occurred. At that time, 90% of Yellowstone Park was covered by glaciers. From 1550 to 1860, it was still a "little ice age". move forward. The Rocky Mountains were originally a huge geotrough area, but in the early Cretaceous, they were only shallow seas. In the Tertiary period, large-scale orogeny and volcanic eruptions occurred, the crust experienced strong folds and compressions, and the mountains were uplifted again, forming tall mountains. The granite mountain system; in the Quaternary, the action of glaciers has left the landform features of glacial erosion such as steep peaks, ice buckets, and troughs, coupled with long-term crustal changes, and gradually formed the status quo of the Rocky Mountains.
The mountains were mainly formed during the Laramie orogeny from the end of the Cretaceous to the beginning of the Tertiary, and from the end of the Cretaceous (about 145.5 million years ago to about 65.5 million years ago) to the Old Tertiary (65.5 million years ago to 2300 years ago). 10,000 years ago). From the early Cambrian era (before 542 million years ago) to the Cretaceous, the strata were subjected to east-west pressure, forming folds (the stratum was undulating) and faults (the strata were disconnected and staggered) and then uplifted. After uplift and vigorous erosion, the tectonic topography is more complex. The Northern Rocky Mountains to the north of Yellowstone National Park, the Precambrian and Paleozoic granites are exposed in the west, and are dominated by tall massive mountains; the east is based on long-line folds and thrust faults, and strip mountains are more common, and their intervals are Take the fault valley. From Yellowstone Park to the Wyoming Basin is the Middle Rocky Mountains, with a large width. The west is characterized by interspersed strip mountains and fault valleys; the east is mostly a single anticline uplift with a steep edge plateau-like mountain range. South of the Wyoming Basin is the Southern Rocky Mountains, which is the most majestic part of the entire Rocky Mountains. It consists of two sets of parallel anticline mountains in the east and west. Precambrian crystalline rocks are exposed. The heights are very high.
The peaks above 4,200 meters above sea level are 48, and Mount Elbert is located here. In this area there is a formation known as the "Burgess Shale". In the mid-Cambrian (513 million to 510 million years ago) strata, fossils named "strange shrimp" and "weird bugs" have been discovered one after another. Compared with the creatures, their shapes are incredible. In 1980, Yoho National Park, where the Burgess Shale was discovered, was first listed as a World Natural Heritage Site. Later, in 1984, the area designated as a natural heritage was expanded to become the Canadian Rockies Parks.
