Belarus ī]
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2023-06-06 16:06:28
Belarus ī]
Belarus ī]
Republic of Belarus (Belarusian: Рэспубліка Беларусь， Russian: Республика Беларусь [31], English: Republic of Belarus, or Belarus for short, is located in the west of the East European Plain, bordering Russia in the east, Latvia and Lithuania in the north and northwest, Poland in the west, and Ukraine in the south, with a land area of 207600 square kilometers. Belarus is divided into six states, namely Minsk, Brest, Vitebsk, Gomel, Grodno and Mogilev, and one municipality directly under the Central Government (Minsk, the capital). As of January 2022, Belarus has a population of 9.255 million， sports fitness .
Belarusians are a branch of the East Slavic people. The term Belarus ("White Rose") first appeared in the annals of 1135. In 862 AD, Polotsk Castle was built on Belarusian land. In the 9th to 12th centuries, the Duchy of Polotsk was formed centered around the castle. In the first half of the 13th century, Belarusian characters were formed. In the mid-13th century to the end of the 18th century, it successively belonged to the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Polish Lithuanian Federation. Incorporation into the Russian Empire from the 18th century onwards. At the end of the First World War, on March 25, 1918, independence was declared and the People's Republic of Belarus was established in accordance with the Brest Litovsk Peace Treaty. The Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic was established in 1919 and merged into the Soviet Union in 1922, becoming one of the Soviet republics. Independence was restored on August 25, 1991. Currently a member state of the Commonwealth of Independent States and the Collective Security Treaty Organization.
In 2021, Belarus' gross domestic product was approximately 67 billion US dollars, an increase of 2.3% year-on-year. In the first quarter of 2022, Belarus' gross domestic product was approximately 12.679 billion US dollars, a year-on-year decrease of 0.4%.
geographical environment
Regional location
Belarus is located in the center of Europe and is a landlocked country bordered by Russia, Latvia, Poland, Lithuania, and Ukraine. Belarus has a total land area of 207600 square kilometers, with a distance of 560 kilometers from north to south and 650 kilometers from east to west. The territorial area ranks 13th in Europe.
topographic features
Belarus is located in the East European Plain, with low and flat terrain and many wetlands, with an average altitude of 160 meters. The highest peak is Dzerzhinskaya, with an altitude of 345 meters.
Climatic characteristics
Belarus has a temperate continental climate. The territory is mild and humid, with an annual precipitation of 550mm~700mm. The average temperature in January is -6 ℃, and the average temperature in July is 18 ℃.
Hydrological distribution
There are over 20000 rivers of all sizes in Belarus, with a total length of 90600 kilometers. The main rivers include the Dnieper River, Pripyati River, West Devona River, Neyman River, and Sozh River, with 6 rivers exceeding 500 kilometers.
Belarus has 10000 lakes with a total area of 2000 square kilometers, and the largest Lake Narachi has an area of 79.6 square kilometers, earning it the reputation of the "Land of Ten Thousand Lakes". There are also over 130 reservoirs.
natural resources
Mineral and energy resources
As of 2014, over 10000 types of minerals have been identified in Belarus, the most important of which are oil, associated natural gas, peat, lignite, and flammable slate, potassium salt, rock salt All kinds of building materials (building stones, facing stones, materials for cement and lime production, sand and gravel for building and glass production, various clays, fresh water, mineral water. In addition, iron ore, gypsum, precious metals, apatite, aluminum ore, etc.).
water resource
Belarus is rich in water resources, with over 20000 rivers of all sizes and over 10000 lakes, earning it the reputation of "the country of ten thousand lakes".
Forest resources
Belarus has nearly 8 million hectares of forest with a coverage rate of 39%, ranking second only to Russia in the Commonwealth of Independent States. Mainly coniferous forest, the main tree species are pine, followed by spruce, birch, oak, etc. The Belovezh Natural Forest Reserve, which covers an area of 1165 square kilometers, is renowned in Europe. The timber reserves are approximately 1.093 billion cubic meters, and approximately 5 million tons of various types of timber are exported annually.
Editing and broadcasting of administrative divisions
Zoning
Belarus is divided into six states, namely Minsk, Brest, Vitebsk, Gomel, Grodno and Mogilev, and one municipality directly under the Central Government (Minsk, the capital). It consists of 118 districts, 106 cities, 25 municipal districts, 106 towns, and 1456 villages.
capital
Minsk is located in central Belarus and was established as a state in 1938. Its capital is Minsk. It is the capital of Belarus and has a population of 2020600 (as of June 2022). It is the political, economic, and cultural center of the country. During World War II, it was almost razed to the ground and rebuilt after the war, becoming an important industrial center in Belarus. Minsk has multiple higher education institutions, including the Belarusian National University, as well as famous circuses, opera houses, and ballet theaters. Minsk also has many scenic spots, including Victory Square, Tear Island, National Museum of the History of the Great Patriotic War, Bishop of the Holy Spirit Cathedral, Belovezh National Forest Park, and Glory Hill. Named after Minsk, there is the USS Minsk aircraft carrier.
