Guinea-Bissau
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2023-08-04 15:10:44
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea-Bissau
The Republic of Guinea-Bissau is located in western Africa, adjacent to Senegal to the north, Guinea to the east and south, and the Atlantic to the west. The capital is Bissau, with a land area of 36125 square kilometers. The country is divided into 8 provinces and 1 autonomous region, with a population of 2.07 million (as of 2022) and 27 ethnic groups. Among them, the Balant ethnic group accounts for 27% of the total population, the Fula ethnic group accounts for 23%, and the Mandingo ethnic group accounts for 12%，sports fitness .
It was once part of the Songhai Empire. In 1879, it became a Portuguese colony. In 1951, it was designated as Portugal's Overseas departments and regions of France. The Republic was declared established on September 24, 1973, and was recognized by Portugal in September of the following year.
Guinea-Bissau is one of the least developed countries in the world, with a low per capita income and a rampant epidemic of infectious diseases. Its economy is mainly focused on agriculture and fisheries, and its external debt is over 900 million US dollars. In 1998, the country's economy and infrastructure were severely damaged by the civil war. [3] Guinea-Bissau is the sixth largest cashew nut producing country in the world. Rice is the main crop and food in the country. Guinea-Bissau also exports seafood and a small amount of nuts and wood from peanuts and palms. In 2022, Guinea-Bissau's gross domestic product (GDP) was 1.639 billion US dollars, with a per capita GDP of 791 US dollars and a GDP growth rate of 3.2%.
geographical environment
Regional location
Guinea-Bissau is located on the west coast of Africa (longitude 13 ° 38 '-16 ° 43' E, latitude 10 ° 57 '-12 ° 40' N), bordering Senegal to the north, Guinea to the east and south, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The total length of the national boundary is 705 kilometers. The land area is 36125 square kilometers, with a land boundary length of 705 kilometers; The sea area is 8120 square kilometers, with 88 islands (Bolama Island and Bissagos Islands Bijagos are larger islands), and the coastline is about 300 kilometers long.
topographic features
Guinea Bissau is high in the northeast and low in the southwest, with hills in the southeast (Mount Boë is 300 meters above sea level, the highest point in the whole territory), and coastal plains in the southwest (only 4 meters above sea level). The rivers include Corubal River, Geba River, Cacheu River, Mansoa, Buba and Cacine, with a drainage area of 13984 square kilometers.
Climatic characteristics
The climate of Guinea-Bissau varies by region. The coastal areas have a tropical oceanic monsoon climate, while the inland areas have a typical tropical grassland climate. Due to the influence of the shifting climate groups of the Sahara Desert and the South Atlantic, the whole year is divided into two seasons: dry and rainy, with the rainy season from May to October each year, with high temperatures and humidity; November to May is the dry season with little rain. The average annual temperature is 27 degrees Celsius, with a daily maximum temperature of 39 degrees Celsius and a minimum temperature of 12 degrees Celsius. The average annual rainfall ranges from 1500 to 3000 millimeters from north to south. Flooding and Saltwater intrusion often occur in Guinea Bissau.
