Togo
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2024-02-18 14:03:34
Togo
Togo
The Republic of the Republic of Togo (La R é publique Togolaise), referred to as Togo for short, is one of the West African countries, with Benin in the east, Burkina Faso in the north, Ghana in the west, and a small section of coastline facing the Gulf of Guinea in the south. The land area is 56785 square kilometers, with the capital Lom é. There are 30 provinces and 4 special regions in the country, with a population of 8.8 million (as of 2022) and 41 tribes，sports fitness .
In ancient times, there were many independent tribes and small kingdoms, which were invaded by Portugal in the 15th century. In 1884, it became a German colony. After World War II, the west and east were respectively entrusted to Britain and France. In 1956, Eastern Togo became an autonomous republic within the French Community, while Western Togo was incorporated into Ghana in 1957. The the Republic of Togo became independent on 27 April 1960.
Togo is one of the least developed countries in the world, with a weak economic foundation and a single industrial structure. Togo is a founding member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and a member of the Western European Community. In 2022, Togo's gross domestic product (GDP) was $8.13 billion, with a per capita GDP of approximately $930 and a GDP growth rate of 5.8%.
geographical environment
Regional location
Togo is located in western Africa, between 6-11 ° N and 0-2 ° E, with an area of 56785 square kilometers. To the east is Benin, to the west is Ghana, to the north is Burkina Faso, and to the south is the Gulf of Guinea. The country is over 600 kilometers long from north to south and 50-150 kilometers wide from east to west, forming a corridor shape. The coastline is 56 kilometers long.
topographic features
The entire area is narrow, with more than half being hilly and valley areas. The southern part is a coastal plain; The central region is a plateau, with the Atakola Mountain highlands ranging from 500 to 600 meters above sea level; The north is a low plateau. The main mountain range is the Togo Mountains, with Bauman Peak at an altitude of 986 meters, which is the highest point in the country. There are many reef lakes within the territory. The main rivers are the Mono River and the Oti River.
Climate characteristics
The southern part of Togo has a tropical rainforest climate, with an average annual temperature of about 27 ℃; The northern region has a tropical grassland climate, with an average annual temperature of 30 ℃. The southern region (6-8 ° N) is characterized by a heavy dry season from mid November to March of the following year, a heavy rainy season from March to mid July, a light dry season from August to September, and a light rainy season from the end of September to mid November; The central region (latitude 8-9 ° N) only has one rainy season from April to October; The northern region (latitude 9-11 ° N) experiences a brief rainy season from May to September, and the dry season is from October to April of the following year.
natural resources
Togo has discovered 13 types of mineral resources, including phosphate, limestone, barite, dolomite, kyanite, garnet, quartz sand, uranium, manganese, bauxite, etc. Among them, phosphate and iron ore reserves are relatively large.
Togo is the third largest phosphate producing country in sub Saharan Africa. The proven reserves of high-quality phosphate ore are 260 million tons, with a recoverable reserve of 82 million tons and a small amount of carbonate ore of about 1 billion tons. Most of these deposits are distributed in the coastal areas of southern Togo. There are two types of phosphate ore, namely loose type and carbonized type.
The former contains 35% phosphorus and is a high-quality mineral. It was put into production in 1958 and its reserves have significantly decreased, resulting in increased mining costs; The latter contains 15% phosphorus, with huge reserves and commercial development value.
The limestone (cement clinker) deposit is located in two locations, with reserves of 175 million tons and 200 million tons respectively. The former has been developed, while the latter has not yet been developed. In recent years, Togo has issued two limestone mining certificates, respectively awarded to West African Cement Company (WACEM) and Scandinavian Cement Company (SCANCEM) in India. In June 2010, HEIDELBERG, a German company, and the Togolese government agreed to invest in the construction of the Togolese Tabulib production line. The project was designed and constructed by the Chinese company Chengdu Building Materials Design Institute, with a daily output of 5000 tons of cement clinker. The project was officially completed on March 6, 2015.
The iron ore reserves are about 500 million tons, with an iron content of 45%. MM Mining Company in India began commercial mining in 2010. After years of stagnation in marble mining, in early 2011, a Spanish company obtained a mining certificate and resumed the mining of marble mines.
