Four Girls Mountain
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2023-02-10 15:48:35
Four Girls Mountain
Four Girls Mountain
The highest peak of Qionglai Mountain on the eastern edge of Hengduan Mountains
Siguniang Shan (English: Siguniang Shan) is the highest peak of Qionglai Mountain on the eastern edge of Hengduan Mountains. The Tibetan name is Shigu Larouda, which means Great Holy Mountain. It is composed of four peaks with an altitude of 6250 meters, 5664 meters, 5454 meters and 5355 meters. The main peak is Yaomei Peak, with a height of 6250 meters. The four peaks line up from north to south and are covered with ice and snow all the year round. They are like four beautiful girls with white gauze on their heads. Known as "Queen of Shu Mountain", sports fitness .
Located between Wenchuan County, Xiaojin County and Li County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, Siguniang Mountain is located in the transition zone from Sichuan Basin to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It belongs to the tectonic erosion mountain area of Minshan and Qionglai Mountains. It develops modern glaciers, ancient glacial erosion and accumulation landforms, water erosion and accumulation landforms. There are more than 20 peaks covered by modern glaciers. Siguniang Mountain is composed of sandstone, slate, phyllite, marble and limestone, with granite outcropping; The lithology and texture are dense, and the mountain peaks are sharp under the action of strong glaciers and cold weathering.
There are Wolong Nature Reserve and Siguniang Mountain Scenic Spot in Siguniang Mountain. In 1981, the main peak, Yaomeifeng, was rated as one of the first ten famous mountaineering mountains to be opened to the outside world in China. In 1994, it was listed as a national key scenic spot and included in the list of national nature reserves. In 2001, it was rated as a national AAAA scenic spot. In 2005, it was approved as a national geological park. In 2014, it was awarded the title of national environmental protection science base.
Formation and evolution
Two million years ago, with the overall uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Quaternary glaciers were formed, including angular peaks, edge ridges and hanging glaciers. The Yaomei Peak is located on the Longmen Mountain fault zone, and the huge granite base forms its root. In the process of rapid uplift, it also experienced strong weathering and denudation, forming the formidable steep cliff. Its periphery is a large area of limestone and slate, while the core part is granite. The limestone and slate have many joint cracks, which are very easy to break and roll off. Finally, the four girls mountain area headed by Yaomei Peak was formed.
Location context
Siguniang Mountain is located between Wenchuan County, Xiaojin County and Li County, Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, and is in the transition zone from Sichuan Basin to Qinghai-Tibet Plateau; Line up from north to south.
Four Girls Mountain
Four Girls Mountain Illustrated Books
geographical environment
geology
Siguniang Mountain is composed of sandstone, slate, phyllite, marble and limestone, with granite outcropping; The lithology and texture are dense.
landforms
Siguniang Mountain develops modern glaciers, ancient glacial erosion and accumulation landforms, water erosion and accumulation landforms; Under the action of intense glacier and freezing weathering, the mountain peaks are sharp; The mountain is steep in the east and gentle in the west.
soil
The soil types of Siguniang Mountain include mountain yellow soil, mountain yellow brown soil, mountain cinnamon, leaching cinnamon, mountain brown soil, mountain dark brown soil, mountain brown dark coniferous forest soil, subalpine meadow soil, alpine meadow soil and alpine frozen soil.
climate
Four girls, the east slope is wet and rainy; The west slope is dry with little rain. Siguniang Mountain has a subtropical climate. Due to the great difference in terrain elevation in the area, the mountain climate changes significantly with the change of altitude. From the Wori Valley in the southwest corner of the Reserve to the top of the main peak, a complex vertical climate band spectrum is formed, showing a vertical distribution of temperate zone, cold temperate zone, sub-frigid zone, frigid zone and permafrost zone. The average annual temperature in the reserve is 5.9 ℃, and the average temperature at the top of Siguniang Mountain is - 17.1 ℃. The frost-free period is 78 days. The dry rainy season is obvious in the area, and the precipitation season and geographical distribution are uneven, with an annual rainfall of 931.5mm. The sunshine is sufficient, the percentage of sunshine is 51%, and the annual average sunshine hours is 2265 hours.
vegetation
The vegetation base zone of Siguniang Mountain is subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest zone. It is one of the richest alpine vegetation regions and biodiversity distribution centers in the world. The vegetation along with the elevation is: semi-arid valley vegetation such as seabuckthorn and sparse shrub, as well as agricultural vegetation, mountain evergreen coniferous forest (dark coniferous forest), deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest, subalpine shrub meadow belt, alpine shrub meadow belt, alpine meadow belt, and alpine flow stone beach sparse vegetation belt. Above 5400 meters above sea level is alpine tundra - permafrost zone, basically without vegetation distribution. The vegetation types include Sichuan Redwood Forest, Abies - Picea Forest, Abies - Picea macranthoides Forest, Abies - Picea purpurea - Picea squamosa Forest, Platycladus orientalis, Betula platyphylla Forest, Oxytropis psammophila Forest, Salix saponifera Forest and Quercus sichuan-Yunnan alpine forest.
hydrology
The rivers and gullies in Siguniang Mountain are distributed in branches, belonging to the Qingyi River system in the Dadu River basin, a secondary tributary of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The main rivers such as Haizigou, Changpinggou and Shuangqiaogou are tributaries of the Wori River and are the birthplace of the Wori River. The Wori River is the third-class tributary of the Qingyi River. The lakes are distributed above 3800 meters above sea level.
Mountain relationship
Mountain range
Siguniang Mountain is the highest peak of Qionglai Mountain on the eastern edge of Hengduan Mountains [2]. The Qionglai Mountains are the western pole of the Sichuan Basin, which is also the natural boundary between Sichuan and Kang. This mountain range starts from Yangshiring of Minshan Mountain in the north and ends at the bank of Dadu River in the south, which is the boundary between Dadu River and Minjiang River.
Main peaks
The four girls are composed of four continuous snowy mountains, the main peak of which is Yaomei Peak, with an altitude of 6250 meters, which is the second highest peak in Sichuan. It is known as "after the Shu Mountains, the Oriental Alps", and is loved by outdoor hikers [7]. There are more than 20 peaks covered by modern glaciers in Siguniang Mountain.
