sofa
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2023-02-15 14:47:39
sofa
sofa
upholstered furniture
"Sofa" is a foreign word, transliterated from the English word sofa. It is a multi-seat chair with cushions. The armchair with spring or thick foam plastic is a kind of soft furniture.
The origin of sofa can be traced back to ancient Egypt around 2000 BC, but the true meaning of upholstered sofa appeared from the end of the 16th century to the beginning of the 17th century， Daily necessities .
historical background
The origin of sofa can be traced back to ancient Egypt around 2000 BC, but the true meaning of upholstered sofa appeared from the end of the 16th century to the beginning of the 17th century. At that time, the sofa was mainly filled with natural elastic materials such as horse hair, bird feathers, plant hair, and the outside was covered with velvet, embroidery and other fabrics to form a soft human contact surface. For example, the Farthingle chair, which was popular in Europe at that time, was one of the earliest sofa chairs. Reviewing the history of sofa development in China, we should first promote the "jade table" of the Han Dynasty. The "jade table", a seat with a thick layer of fabric, described in "Miscellaneous Records of Xijing", can be regarded as the "ancestor" of Chinese sofa.
type
Classification by function
The sofa can be divided into functional sofa, fixed-back sofa, stepless automatic control sofa, pneumatic sofa (i.e. manual sofa), electric sofa and sofa with TV, etc.
Sofas have become necessary furniture for many families. The sofas sold on the market generally include low-back sofas, high-back sofas and ordinary sofas between the first two. Below are three features for consumers to choose.
Low-back sofa: It is a light chair for rest. It uses a support point to support the user's waist (lumbar spine). The height of the sofa backrest is relatively low, generally about 370mm from the seat surface, and the angle of the backrest is also small, which is not only conducive to rest, but also reduces the overall size of the sofa. This kind of sofa is easy to move, light and small in floor area.
High back sofa: also known as aviation seat. Its feature is that it has three fulcrums, which make the waist, shoulder and back of the head lean on the curved backrest at the same time. The three supporting points do not form a straight line in space, so the technical requirements for making this sofa are high, and it is difficult to choose when purchasing. For making the wooden frame of the high-back sofa, the turning surface formed by three points must be clearly made on the frame, otherwise it is difficult to ensure the position of the supporting points during the process of covering the sofa, which will bring discomfort to the user. When purchasing the high-back sofa, pay attention to whether the composition of the three support points on the back is reasonable and appropriate, which can be determined by the test seat. The high-back sofa evolved from a recliner. In order to improve the rest performance, it can also be equipped with a footstool. Before placing the sofa, its height can be the same as the front of the sofa seat.
Ordinary sofa: It is a common type of sofa for family use. This kind of sofa is mostly sold on the market. It has two supporting points to support the user's lumbar and thoracic vertebrae, and can achieve the effect of matching the curved surface with the back of the body. The included angle between the backrest and the seat surface of this kind of sofa is very important. Too large or too small angle will cause the user's abdominal muscles to be strong and cause fatigue. Similarly, the width of the sofa seat surface should not be too large, which is usually within 540 mm according to the standard requirements, so that users can adjust their sitting posture at will and rest more comfortably.
Classification by material
There are four main categories: leather sofa, fabric sofa (actually fabric sofa), curved wood sofa and rattan sofa.
Sort by style
It can be divided into American sofa, Japanese sofa, Chinese sofa, European sofa and modern sofa.
Classified by site
It can be divided into hotel sofa, ktv sofa, civil sofa, restaurant sofa, office sofa, household sofa, lounge sofa, etc. They are used in different occasions, and the sofa they use is also different.
style
Chinese sofa
It emphasizes that it is warm in winter and cool in summer. It is suitable for all seasons. The Chinese style sofa is characterized by the exposed solid wood frame. The upper sponge cushion can be replaced as needed. This flexible way makes the Chinese sofa popular with many people: it is warm in winter and cool in summer, convenient and practical, and suitable for the situation of large temperature difference between north and south in China. Some of its materials are solid wood, which is resistant to moisture and is the first choice for coastal cities.
European sofa
Simple lines, suitable for modern home. European sofa is characterized by modern style, elegant color and simple lines, which is suitable for most families. This kind of sofa is also applicable to a wide range, and it feels good to be placed in a room of various styles. The popular sofa in the 21st century is light color, such as white and beige.
American sofa
The American style sofa mainly emphasizes comfort, which makes people feel like being held in a gentle ring, but covers a large area. In 2003, many sofa manufacturing processes no longer use springs but are all made of sponges with different hardness added to the main frame. However, many traditional American sofa bases will not give up springs in order to save time and effort, but will still use the design of springs and sponges, which makes the sofa very durable.
Japanese sofa
Emphasize nature and simplicity. The biggest feature of the Japanese sofa is the palisade wooden handrail and the short design. This kind of sofa is most suitable for people who advocate natural and simple home style. The small Japanese sofa reveals a rigorous attitude towards life. Therefore, Japanese sofa is often used in some office places.
Industry standards
Sofa is a large amount of consumer goods in furniture products. This standard is a revision of QB/T1952.1-1999 standard. Compared with the original standard, the main changes are as follows:
1. Product classification: The product classification in this standard is mainly based on seat surface elastic materials, covering fabrics and use functions.
2. Main dimension requirements: In addition to reserving the seat front width and seat depth in the main dimensions of the product, this standard has made corresponding adjustments and changes to the dimensions of the seat front and back height, and canceled the requirements for the size of the handrail height and the deviation of the overall dimension.
3. Material requirements: ⑴. The material used for the appearance of the product shall be consistent with the identification; ⑵ The internal materials of the product shall be free of bark; ⑶ The moisture content of wood should not be higher than the annual average equilibrium moisture content of wood in the region where the product is located, which was originally set at+1%. In addition, the standard appendix B (normative appendix) adds the balanced moisture content of wood in various regions of China as the basis for product evaluation The regulation of dry rubbing color fastness ≥ 4 is added for textile fabrics, leather and artificial leather.
4. Mechanical property requirements: the mechanical property test of this standard is based on the grading requirements of the uniform seat back durability (the original standard specifies the durability requirements according to the sofa elastic type), that is, the durability should pass: Class A 60000 times; 40000 times for Class B and 20000 times for Class C. The back looseness, handrail looseness and compression are adjusted accordingly.
5. Flame retardancy requirements: considering the development trend of products, reduce the harm to people.
6. Evaluation of inspection results: product inspection is divided into type inspection and delivery inspection. The inspection results are evaluated as excellent products (top products), first class products (Class B products), qualified products (Class C products) and unqualified products.
