Mauritius ǐ Qi ú s ī]
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2023-08-18 14:19:29
Mauritius ǐ Qi ú s ī]
Mauritius ǐ Qi ú s ī]
The Republic of Mauritius, abbreviated as Mauritius, is an island country in eastern Africa, located in the southwest of the Indian Ocean, approximately 800 kilometers from Madagascar and 2200 kilometers from the African continent. As a volcanic island country, Mauritius is surrounded by coral reefs, with various landforms on the island. The coast is narrow plains, and the central part is plateau mountains, with multiple mountain ranges and isolated peaks. The entire country is composed of Mauritius Island and other small islands, with a land area of 2040 square kilometers (including 175 square kilometers of affiliated islands) and a population of 1.261 million (at the end of 2022) [15-16]. The residents are mainly Indian and Pakistani (69%), Creole (European and African mixed race, 27%), Chinese (2.3%), and European (1.7%). The country is divided into four major regions and five municipalities, with the capital Port Louis， sports fitness .
Mauritius was originally a deserted island. In the early 16th century, Portuguese exploration teams occupied the present-day islands of Mauritius and Reunion, named the Masklin Islands. In 1598, the Dutch occupied the island and named it after the Dutch monarch "Mauritius". In 1715, France occupied Mauritius and renamed it "Island of France". In 1814, it became a British colony and was renamed "Mauritius". Autonomy was implemented in September 1961. On March 12, 1968, it declared independence and implemented a constitutional monarchy, with the Queen of England as the head of state and the Governor General exercising power on her behalf. On March 12, 1992, it was converted into a republic system. Implement a parliamentary system.
Mauritius is a member of the Non-Aligned Movement, the African Union, the Common Market for Southeast Africa, the Southern African Development Community, the Indian Ocean Rim Alliance, the Indian Ocean Commission, and other organizations. It is the seat of the secretariat of the Indian Ocean Rim Alliance and the Indian Ocean Commission, and is one of the few rich countries in Africa, known as the "African Switzerland". In 2022, Mauritius' gross domestic product (GDP) was 13.414 billion US dollars, with a per capita GDP of 10625 US dollars and an economic growth rate of 7.8%.
geographical environment
Regional location
Mauritius is located in the southwestern Indian Ocean, with a longitude of 57 ° 35 'east and a latitude of 20 ° 15' south, covering an area of 2040 square kilometers (including its affiliated islands). The island covers an area of 1865 square kilometers. It is 160 kilometers away from Reunion, about 800 kilometers away from Madagascar, and about 2200 kilometers away from the east coast of the African continent. Mauritius has a coastline of approximately 250 kilometers and a marine exclusive economic zone of 2.3 million square kilometers.
Climatic characteristics
Mauritius has a subtropical marine climate, with two seasons throughout the year: summer and winter. The period from November to April of the following year is summer, with a coastal temperature of 30 ℃, a central plateau temperature of 22 ℃, and a seawater temperature of about 27 ℃; May to October is winter, with an average temperature of 24 ℃ along the coast, 19 ℃ on the central plateau, and a seawater temperature of about 22 ℃. The rainfall is abundant, with more rainfall in summer than in winter. The rainfall on the entire island is uneven, with an average annual rainfall of 5080 millimeters on the central plateau, 1010 millimeters on the west coast, and 1900 millimeters on the east coast.
