papua new guinea
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2023-09-21 09:53:30
papua new guinea
papua new guinea
The Independent State of Papua New Guinea, abbreviated as Papua New Guinea or Papua New Guinea. Located in the southwest of the Pacific Ocean. It is bordered to the west by the Ilianchaya Province of Indonesia, and to the south by the Torres Strait, facing Australia. Belonging to the Melanesian Islands，sports fitness .
There are over 600 islands in the entire territory. The main islands include New Britain, New Ireland, Manus, Bougainville, and Bucca. The total length of the coastline is 8300 kilometers. The land area is 462800 square kilometers. Above an altitude of 1000 meters, it belongs to a mountainous climate, while the rest belongs to a tropical climate. May October is the dry season, and November April is the rainy season. The average annual temperature in coastal areas is 21.1-32.2 ℃, and mountainous areas are 5-6 ℃ lower than coastal areas. The average annual precipitation is 2500 millimeters. Papua New Guinea is divided into 20 provinces, with Bougainville Autonomous Region and Capital Administrative Region (Port Moresby City). As of April 2023, Papua New Guinea has a population of 9.95 million.
The highlands of New Guinea have long been settled. In 1511, the Portuguese discovered the island of New Guinea. In the second half of the 18th century, Dutch, British, and German colonizers came one after another. In 1906, British New Guinea was transferred to Australia for management and renamed as an Australian Papua Territory. German New Guinea was occupied by the Australian army during World War I and was entrusted with Australian management by the League of Nations on December 17, 1920. It was occupied by Japan in 1942. In 1945, the United Nations entrusted it back to Australia for trusteeship. In 1949, Australia merged the former British and German territories into one administrative unit, known as the "Territory of Papua New Guinea". Internal autonomy was implemented on December 1, 1973. Independence on September 16, 1975. Michael Somare was appointed as the first Prime Minister.
Papua New Guinea is one of the less developed countries in the world. The economy is mainly agricultural, accounting for 32% of Papua New Guinea's economy. The main economic data for 2022 are as follows: Gross Domestic Product: 31.82 billion US dollars. Per capita GDP: $4280.
geographical environment
Regional location
Papua New Guinea is the second largest country in terms of population and area in the South Pacific region, second only to Australia. It consists of two parts: New Guinea in the north and Papua in the south. It is bordered to the west by the Ilianchaya Province of Indonesia, and to the south by the Torres Strait, facing Australia. Belonging to the Melanesian Islands.
Papua New Guinea has a land area of 462800 square kilometers and a marine exclusive economic zone of 3.1 million square kilometers. The total length of the coastline is 8300 kilometers. There are over 600 islands in the entire territory. Each island is mountainous, with many volcanoes and frequent earthquakes. Including the eastern part of New Guinea (Irian Island), New England, New Ireland, Manas Island, Bougainville Island, Buka Island, etc.
topographic features
The southern part of Papua New Guinea is composed of plains and lowlands, while the central mountain system is located in the middle. The northern mountain range runs parallel to the mountain system and consists of several separate mountains.
Climatic characteristics
Papua New Guinea has a mountainous climate with an altitude of over 1000 meters, while other areas with lower elevations have a tropical rainforest climate. May to October is the dry season, and November to April is the rainy season. The average temperature in coastal areas is 21.1-32.2 ℃, and in mountainous areas, it is 5-6 ℃ lower than in coastal areas. The average annual precipitation is 2500 millimeters. The highlands of New Guinea have long been settled.
natural resources
Rich in mineral resources, with copper reserves of 12 million tons, gold reserves of 1756 tons, and copper gold coexisting ore reserves of about 400 million tons, ranking 11th and 13th in the world in production, respectively. In addition, there are abundant resources such as gold, chromium, nickel, bauxite, underwater natural gas, and oil.
The reserves of the two major oil fields, Kutu Bu and Gobe, reach 400 million barrels. The oil field reserves in Nangaodi Province are 17 million barrels. The natural gas reserves are 7 trillion cubic feet, and the predicted reserves are 15 trillion cubic feet.
Forest resources are abundant, with a tropical primitive forest coverage area of 36 million hectares, accounting for approximately 86.4% of the national land area. The total forest stock is 1.2 billion cubic meters, and the recoverable stock is 360 million cubic meters.
