Shanghai
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2024-05-15 14:16:39
Shanghai
Shanghai
Referred to as "Shanghai", or "Shen", the municipality directly under the Central Government of the People's Republic of China, a national central city, a megacity, a core city in the Shanghai metropolitan area, and a national historic and cultural city are the birthplace of the CPC. Shanghai has been shortlisted as a World Alpha+City and has basically become an international economic, financial, trade, and shipping center, forming a basic framework for a technology innovation center with global influence. As of October 2023, Shanghai has 16 districts under its jurisdiction, with a total area of 6340.5 square kilometers. The Municipal People's Government is located at 200 Renmin Avenue, Huangpu District. As of 2023, the permanent population of Shanghai is 24.8745 million， sports fitness .
Shanghai is located in the eastern region of China, on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean, along the eastern edge of the Eurasian continent, at the center of China's north-south coastline, at the confluence of the Yangtze River and Qiantang River into the sea. It is a part of the Yangtze River Delta alluvial plain, ranging from 120 ° 52 ′ E to 122 ° 12 ′ E and 30 ° 40 ′ N to 31 ° 53 ′ N; It borders the Yangtze River to the north, the East China Sea to the east, Hangzhou Bay to the south, and Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces to the west. The average altitude of Shanghai is 2.19 meters, and Dajinshan Island is the highest point in Shanghai, with an altitude of 103.7 meters. It belongs to a subtropical monsoon climate, and the river network mainly includes the main Huangpu River and its tributaries, such as Suzhou River, Chuanyang River, and Dianpu River, which flow through the city.
About 6000 years ago, the western part of Shanghai had already become a land. During the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, Shanghai was a fiefdom of the Chun Shen Jun, hence it was also known as "Shen". During the Jin Dynasty, due to fishermen creating fishing tools called "Hu", the area where the river flows into the sea was called "Du". Therefore, the lower reaches of the Songjiang River were called "Hu" and later changed to "Hu", hence Shanghai was abbreviated as "Hu". In the 29th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1292), Shanghai Town was separated from Huating County and Shanghai County was established, marking the beginning of Shanghai's urban construction. Representative historical cultures include Wu Yue culture, Jiangnan culture, and Shanghai style culture.
In 2023, Shanghai achieved a regional GDP of 4721.866 billion yuan, an increase of 5.0% compared to the previous year.
geographical environment
Shanghai is located between longitude 120 ° 52 ′ -122 ° 12 ′ E and latitude 30 ° 40 ′ -31 ° 53 ′ N, with a land area of 6340 square kilometers. It is situated on the west coast of the Pacific Ocean, along the eastern edge of the Asian continent, at the center of China's north and south coasts, and at the confluence of the Yangtze and Huangpu Rivers. It borders the Yangtze River to the north, the East China Sea to the east, Hangzhou Bay to the south, and Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces to the west.
Shanghai City
topographic features
Shanghai is a part of the Yangtze River Delta alluvial plain, with an average elevation of about 2.19 meters above sea level. The highest point in altitude is Dajinshan Island located in Hangzhou Bay, Jinshan District, with an altitude of 103.70 meters.
In the west, there are remnants of hills such as Tianma Mountain, Xueshan Mountain, and Fenghuang Mountain. Tianma Mountain is the highest point on land in Shanghai, with an altitude of 99.8 meters. There is a stone tablet standing at the top of She Mountain. There are rocky islands such as Dajinshan Island, Xiaojinshan Island, Fushan Island, Sheshan Island, and Xiaoyangshan Island in the sea area.
At the entrance of the Yangtze River to the north of Shanghai, there are three islands: Chongming Island, Changxing Island, and Hengsha Island. Chongming Island is the third largest island in China, formed by the sediment carried by the Yangtze River. It covers an area of 1041.21 square kilometers and has an altitude of 3.5-4.5 meters. Changxing Island has an area of 88.54 square kilometers, and Hengsha Island has an area of 55.74 square kilometers.
Climate environment
The climate in Shanghai belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate, mild and humid, with distinct four seasons, sufficient sunshine, abundant rainfall, shorter spring and autumn, and longer winter and summer. The weather systems affecting Shanghai include typhoons, easterly disturbances, extratropical cyclones, plum rains, and cold waves. When the static front of the subtropical high pressure system in the western Pacific stabilizes in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and near Shanghai, it forms a rainy, hot, and humid rainy season. In 2021, the average annual temperature in the city (average of 11 meteorological observation stations in the city) was 17.9 ℃, the average annual precipitation (average of 11 meteorological observation stations in the city) was 1518.9 millimeters, and the annual sunshine hours (average of 11 meteorological observation stations in the city) were 1786 hours.
