Pakistan
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2023-04-12 15:14:02
Pakistan
Pakistan
Islamic Republic of Pakistan (Urdu: اسلامی جمہوریہ پاکستان , English: Islamic Republic of Pakistan), referred to as "Pakistan", is located in the northwest of the subcontinent of South Asia. It borders India in the east, China in the northeast, Afghanistan in the northwest, Iran in the west and Arabian Sea in the south. The coastline is 980 kilometers long. Except for the tropical climate in the south, the rest belong to the subtropical climate. The southern part is humid and hot, affected by the monsoon, with a longer rainy season; The northern region is dry and cold, with some areas covered in snow all year round. The annual average temperature is 27 ℃, and the land area is 796095 square kilometers (excluding the Pakistani controlled Kashmir region). There are four provinces in the country: Punjab, Khyber Pushtukhwa, Baluchistan, Sindh and Islamabad Capital Special Zone. Each province has a federation of districts, counties, townships, and villages, with the capital being Islamabad. In 2021, Pakistan had a population of 225 million， sports fitness .
Ba Yuan is a part of British India. In 1858, it became a British colony with India. In March 1940, the All India Muslim Alliance passed a resolution on the establishment of Pakistan. In June 1947, the United Kingdom announced the "Mombasa Plan" to implement partition of India partition. On August 14 of the same year, Pakistan declared independence and became an autonomous territory of the Commonwealth, including two parts: East and West Pakistan. On March 23, 1956, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan was established and remains a member of the Commonwealth. It withdrew in 1972 and rejoined in 1989. In March 1971, East Pakistan announced the establishment of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, and in December of the same year, Bangladesh officially gained independence.
Pakistan's economy is mainly based on agriculture, with agricultural output value accounting for 19% of GDP and a weak industrial foundation. The main economic data for the fiscal year 2021-2022 (July 2021 to June 2022) are as follows: Gross Domestic Product: 348.26 billion US dollars. Per capita gross domestic product: $1505.
Chinese name Pakistan Islamic Republic Foreign name اسلامی جمہوریہ پاکستان (Urdu language)
Islamic Republic of Pakistan (English) is briefly referred to as Karachi, Lahore, Rawalpindi, Faisalabad, Hyderabad, Peshawar and other major cities in Islamabad, the capital of Asia in Pakistan's state. The national anthem "Bless the Holy Land" on March 23, 1956 is in Urdu, the official language of country code PAK English Currency Pakistan Rupee Time Zone UTC+5 Political System parliamentary republic National Leader Arif Alwi (President), Shabaz Sharif (Prime Minister) Population 225 million (April 2020) Population density 282.88 people/km2 (2021) Main ethnic groups Punjab, Sindh, Pushtu, Baluchi Main religion Islam Land area 796095 km ² (Excluding Pakistan controlled Kashmir) Water area ratio 3.1% GDP total 278.22 billion US dollars (July 2019 to June 2020) GDP per capita 1363 US dollars (July 2019 to June 2020) international call area code 92 international domain name abbreviation. pk Road traffic left driving legal system British American law national motto pious, unified, disciplinary geographical highest point Chogory Peak (K2 peak) The largest city Karachi national flower Jasminum main school University of the Punjab Karachi University and other Chinese Ambassador to Pakistan, Nong Rong (male, Zhuang), Pakistani Ambassador to China (Moin Haq), Mr Moin ul Haque
ancient
Pakistan Canyon
Around 3000 BC, the ancient Indus civilization emerged in Pakistan.
Until 2000 BC, the Aryan people living in Central Asia came to the Indus River basin in Pakistan and conquered the local Darapita people, gradually leading to the decline of the Indus civilization. In the later 'Vedic era', the political center of the Aryans began to shift eastward to India.
Starting from 600 BC, the Persian Empire emerged on the Iranian Plateau in western Asia and ruled the Indus River basin in southwestern Pakistan. In 327 BC, Alexander led his army to capture this area.
At the beginning of the 8th century AD, the Arab Empire troops rising on the Arabian Peninsula in southwest Asia conquered Pakistan and the region west of the Indian subcontinent, established the Islamic regime, and introduced Islam, making a large number of local residents become Muslims.
At the beginning of the 11th century, northwestern Pakistan was under the rule of the Ghazni dynasty in Afghanistan.
At the beginning of the 12th century, the Ghurid dynasty replaced the Gazni dynasty.
In 1206, Kutb Abercrombie established the Slave Dynasty.
In the 1220s, the Mongolian army invaded the Indus River basin and later became the Ilkhanate of the Mongol Great Khanate. In 1239, Mongolia marched into Tubo, and in 1246, all Tubo was included in the territory of the Mongolian Khanate. In 1271, the Mongolian Khanate was renamed the Yuan Dynasty, and most of the Kashmir region was included in the territory of the Yuan Dynasty in China.
In the latter 300 years of the 15th century, there were six dynasties (the Delhi Sultan Dynasty). In the late 14th century, the Turkic Timur invaded the Indus River basin in Pakistan, and Timur captured Delhi. His descendant Babur established the Mughal Empire in 1526, governing parts of central northern India and eastern Pakistan.
modern
Chogory Peak
After 1757, Pakistan and India became British colonies, and the British policy of "partition" intensified conflicts between Muslims and Hindus.
After the end of World War II, India once again gained independence from British colonial rule. In June 1947, the last British governor in Governor-General of India, Mombarton, proposed the "Mombarton Plan" to divide India into two autonomous provinces, India and Pakistan.
modern
In June 1947, India and Pakistan implemented partition according to the Montbatten Plan. On August 14 of the same year, Pakistan declared independence and became an autonomous territory of the Commonwealth, including the eastern and western parts of Pakistan.
According to the "Monbatten Plan", areas with a majority of Hindus belong to India, while areas with a majority of Muslims belong to Pakistan. However, the issue of Kashmir's ownership is stipulated that it is up to the princes and states themselves to decide whether to join India or Pakistan, or maintain independence. At that time, 77% of the population in Kashmir was Muslim and they tended to join Pakistan; The King of Kashmir is a Hindu who initially did not want to join India or Pakistan, but ultimately inclined to join India. Therefore, when India and Pakistan were divided, the issue of Kashmir's ownership could not be resolved.
Karachi Port
Shortly after the partition of partition of India, the two sides fought for the sovereignty of Kashmir in October 1947 in Kashmir, which was the first Indian Pakistani war. In December 1947, India submitted the Kashmir issue to the United Nations Security Council.
In August 1948 and January 1949, the United Nations India Pakistan Committee passed resolutions on a ceasefire and referendum in Kashmir, both of which India and Pakistan expressed acceptance. In January 1949, both sides officially ceased fire and a ceasefire line was established in July. Kashmir is divided into Indian controlled areas and Pakistani controlled areas, with India and Pakistan establishing local governments within their respective controlled areas.
Islamabad, the new capital of Pakistan
In August 1953, after the talks between the Prime Ministers of India and Pakistan, a joint communiqu é was issued announcing that the Kashmir dispute should be resolved through a Kashmir referendum. However, in June 1965, the second Indo Pakistan War broke out around the Kashmir issue.
On March 23, 1956, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan was officially established and remains a member of the Commonwealth.
In March 1971, East Pakistan announced the establishment of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, and in December of the same year, Bangladesh officially gained independence.
In December 1971, during the Third Indo Pakistan War, which broke out due to the separation of East Pakistan (later known as Bangladesh) from Pakistan, India took over some of the land in Pakistan controlled Kashmir.
In July 1972, India and Pakistan signed the Simla Agreement. Both sides agreed to respect the Line of Actual Control formed after the 1971 ceasefire in Kashmir.
On November 10, 2021, the flag raising ceremony for Pakistan's accession to the International Bamboo and Rattan Organization was held at the headquarters of the organization in Beijing, increasing the number of members to 48.
Scenery of Pakistan
On January 14, 2022, Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan released a public version of the country's first national security policy, the National Security Policy 2022-2026.
