Algeria
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2023-05-24 15:03:51
Algeria
Algeria
The People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, abbreviated as "Algeria" (Arabic: الجزائر al-Jaz āʼ Ir, French: Alg é rie, is a country in the northern African Maghreb. The north is bordered by the Mediterranean, the east is bordered by Libya and Tunisia, the southeast and south are respectively bordered by Niger, Mali, and Mauritania, and the west is connected to Morocco. Algeria has the largest land area among African countries, Mediterranean countries, and Arab countries, ranking 10th in the world, with a population of 45.35 million (2021), the majority of whom are Arabs, followed by Berbers (about 20% of the total population), and a land area of 2.38 million square kilometers, The capital city of Algiers is divided into 58 provinces throughout the country，sports fitness .
The name of Algeria comes from the city name and capital Algiers. In Arabic, it means "archipelago" and refers to the four islands located in the bay of the city before. After 1525, these four islands gradually became integrated with the mainland. The Kingdom of Berber was established in the 3rd century BC. In 146 BC, it became a province of ancient Rome. In 702, it was conquered by the Arabs. In the 16th century, it became a province of the Ottoman Empire. Shortly after, the forces of Spain, Portugal, France and other countries successively invaded. In 1830, France occupied Algiers, and in 1905, it occupied the entire territory. On September 19, 1958, the Provisional Government of the Republic was announced. Independence was declared on July 3, 1962.
The Algerian economy ranks fourth in Africa, second only to South Africa, Nigeria, and Egypt. Oil and natural gas are the pillars of Afghanistan's national economy. Algeria has the fifth largest natural gas reserves in the world and is the second largest natural gas exporter in the world. The oil reserves rank 15th in the world. In 2022, Algeria's GDP was 187.1 billion US dollars, with a per capita GDP of 4150 US dollars and an economic growth rate of 4.1%.
geographical environment
Regional location
The country with the largest area in Africa. Located in northwestern Africa. It borders the Mediterranean to the north, Tunisia and Libya to the east, Niger, Mali, and Mauritania to the south, and Morocco and Western Sahara to the west. The north-south line is about 2000 kilometers long, the east-west widest is about 1800 kilometers, and the coastline is about 1200 kilometers long. The land area is 2.38 million square kilometers.
topographic features
The terrain of Algeria is divided into three parts: the coastal plains and hills along the Mediterranean coast, the central plateau, and the southern Sahara Desert. The desert covers an area of over 2 million square kilometers, accounting for approximately 85% of the total land area.
Climatic characteristics
The northern coastal areas of Algeria have a Mediterranean style climate, with an annual average temperature of about 17 ℃. The lowest temperature in January is about 5 ℃, and the highest temperature in August is about 38 ℃; The Algerian plateau area has a continental climate, which is dry with little rain, cold in winter and hot in summer. The minimum temperature in January is below 0 ℃, and snow falls in mountainous areas; The Sahara region has a tropical desert climate climate. The maximum temperature in May September can reach 55 ℃, and the temperature difference between day and night is large; Desert oases, plateaus, and salt lake areas in deserts have their own microclimates. November to March of the following year is the rainy season, and June to September is the dry season. The annual rainfall in coastal areas is 400.
